Cataract surgery is one of the most commonly-performed surgeries in the world, providing benefits to patients(1) and society as a whole(2). Despite technological advances in intraocular lenses (IOLs) to correct spherical aberrations(3), presbyopia and astigmatism(4), there are still cases where IOLs need to be explanted due to opacification of their materials(5) […].

The first step for design a scientific study is to raise doubts which at that moment could not be solved with the information available in literature (a gap in knowledge). In clinic surveys, one should expect that the response to that doubt is to contribute to improve medical practice. The following step is to determine what population will be investigated. For example, when evaluating the efficacy of an intraocular lens (IOL) with yellow pigmentation in the prevention of macular degeneration […]

Continuing uptading was always an important requisite for a good exercise in medicine. Nevertheless, with the technological development and the great increase in options for diagnosis and treatment, it is also necessary to know how to recognize the best evidences and critically interpret them(1) […].

Ethics is the set of principles that guide human behavior in society. Medical ethics is a subject that evaluates intellectual worth and risks in the activities of medicine. Or better, it is a set of rules that defines limits in the relationship of doctors and their pairs, because medical practice involves much more than only technical aspects shown in other professions. Yet, medical ethics would be the rules that prevent the doctor from deliberately take advantage of his special condition […]

With the advance in Medicine that in the last decades has been stamped by the practice based on evidence, in which clinic decisions are guided by results of scientific studies and no more only by the experience and perception of renowned professionals, more interest has progressively been pointed out on behalf of institutions engaged in teaching and medical assistance, by encouraging the carring out of clinic studies (1) […].

In the scientific environment there is no information in store. Once a study is over, the strongest desire of researchers is promote by means of publication of scientific articles their results worldwide, in order to consolidate their position as reference in the subject. Among the most organized research teams, which in Brazil typically belong to pos-graduation programs, there are many stimuli for this mentality to prevail, like governamental funds, bonuses, advance in career, besides maintenance of the pós-graduation program accreditation […]

Complaints of headache compatible with different aetiologies are very common in the clinical practice of neurologists, general practitioners, otorhinolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, dentists, and even psychiatrists […].

Continuing medical updating is crucial for the safety and good quality of medical practice. Today, the less expensive, easy and trustful way of acquiring medical knowledge is through literature review in electronic data banks, which are available on the internet. Accordingly, a minimum knowledge on behalf of the reader is necessary to critically evaluate scientific articles and not to have his clinical practice based on information which cannot stand for the truth (1,2) […].