ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the effect of Ginkgo Biloba extract (GBE) intake versus placebo as adjunctive therapy for normal tension glaucoma (NTG). Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Web of Science databases were queried for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational prospective or retrospective studies that compared GBE versus placebo in the settings of NTG. Outcomes included visual field mean deviation (MD), visual field pattern standard deviation (PSD), and adverse events. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics, and a random-effects model […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of the iStent inject® and iStent inject® W in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) undergoing standalone or combined implantation with phacoemulsification. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study including 103 eyes with mild-to-moderate POAG. Intraocular pressure (IOP), number of medications, absolute and relative success rates, survival analysis, and safety outcomes were evaluated over 12 months. Results: Fifty-nine eyes received iStent inject® (Group 1) and 44 received iStent inject® W (Group 2). Mean IOP decreased […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To underscore the critical importance of assessing the peripheral retina in all patients, especially those planning to use miotics. Methods: A retrospective and observational study was conducted at a single ophthalmological medical center, using records from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) for closed-angle glaucoma and lesions predisposing to detachment. Participants in this study underwent anterior chamber assessment using the Goldman 3-Mirror lens and the Volk G-4 Gonioscopy lens. Peripheral retinal evaluation was conducted with indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy […]

ABSTRACT Bupthalmos is characterized by congenital enlargement of the eyeball due to uncontrolled glaucoma in early childhood, which is mostly caused by primary congenital glaucoma. Primary congenital glaucoma, the leading cause of childhood glaucoma, is typically inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and is a significant contributor to pediatric blindness. In contrast, cartilage-hair hypoplasia, another autosomal recessive disorder, presents with disproportionate short stature, increased malignancy risk, and immunological complications. This case report describes a rare co-occurrence of primary congenital glaucoma […]

ABSTRACT Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is a glaucomatous optic neuropathy that occurs in the absence of intraocular hypertension, and its pathophysiology is not solely dependent on pressure-related factors. Extrinsic mechanisms, such as autonomic dysfunction and microvascular hemodynamic alterations, have been implicated in its progression, with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) standing out as an important contributing factor. We report the case of a patient with NTG and severe OSA confirmed by polysomnography, who exhibited progressive structural and functional loss despite controlled intraocular […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize structural optic nerve changes in Ecuadorian glaucoma patients using optical coherence tomography data from 2015 to 2022. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed anonymized optical coherence tomography data from 301 eyes of 162 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma. Data were acquired using the Nidek RS-330 and analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21. We assessed peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (global, quadrants, and clock-hour sectors) and cup-to-disc ratios. Results: The mean global […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the epidemiological and economic aspects of hospital admissions for glaucoma in Brazil between 2018-2024. Methods: Analytical ecological time-series study using SIH (Hospital System Information)/SUS data from the DATASUS platform. All hospital admissions with a diagnosis of glaucoma during the period were included. Results: A total of 50,062 admissions were recorded, reflecting a 45.9% increase. Most cases occurred in brown-skinned males aged 60-69. Most surgeries were elective. The Southeast region had the highest number of cases, while […]

ABSTRACT The aim of this case report was to demonstrate the importance of the neuro-ophthalmological examination, particularly the assessment of the pupillary reflex, in identifying neurological abnormalities in asymptomatic patients, highlighting its crucial role in the early detection of intracranial aneurysms, even in the absence of evident clinical signs. This is an observational, retrospective, and descriptive case report of a 70-year-old male patient with chronic glaucoma. During a routine ophthalmological evaluation, a relative afferent pupillary defect was identified in the […]