ABSTRACT Acute corneal hydrops is an ophthalmologic emergency resulting from rupture of Descemet’s membrane with entry of aqueous humor into the corneal stroma. Patients typically present with ocular pain, blurred vision, photophobia, and tearing. The main risk factors include trauma due to ocular itching, allergic keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ectasia, and Down syndrome. Although a rare complication, it is most commonly associated with keratoconus. Clinical treatment with eye drops should always be initiated, but in advanced cases, combined surgical intervention may be […]

ABSTRACT Bupthalmos is characterized by congenital enlargement of the eyeball due to uncontrolled glaucoma in early childhood, which is mostly caused by primary congenital glaucoma. Primary congenital glaucoma, the leading cause of childhood glaucoma, is typically inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and is a significant contributor to pediatric blindness. In contrast, cartilage-hair hypoplasia, another autosomal recessive disorder, presents with disproportionate short stature, increased malignancy risk, and immunological complications. This case report describes a rare co-occurrence of primary congenital glaucoma […]

ABSTRACT Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is a glaucomatous optic neuropathy that occurs in the absence of intraocular hypertension, and its pathophysiology is not solely dependent on pressure-related factors. Extrinsic mechanisms, such as autonomic dysfunction and microvascular hemodynamic alterations, have been implicated in its progression, with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) standing out as an important contributing factor. We report the case of a patient with NTG and severe OSA confirmed by polysomnography, who exhibited progressive structural and functional loss despite controlled intraocular […]

ABSTRACT This case series presents the shamrock sign, a novel aberrometry pattern characterized by trefoil and coma, as a potential diagnostic marker for nuclear cataracts associated with myopic shift. This study highlights its clinical relevance and contribution to early detection and management. The primary diagnosis was nuclear cataracts inducing myopic shift. All patients underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Postoperatively, all cases showed marked reductions in higher-order aberrations, including spherical aberration and trefoil, with complete resolution of the shamrock sign. […]

ABSTRACT We report a rare case of spontaneous extrusion of a Müller sphere implant three decades after ocular evisceration. A 44-year-old woman, with a history of evisceration of the left eye due to phthisis bulbi from congenital syphilis, presented with extrusion of an orbital implant. Surgical management consisted of reimplantation of a new sphere using a reconstructive technique with scleral shell and biological support. Postoperative recovery was favorable, and progressive prosthetic rehabilitation provided satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcomes. This case […]

ABSTRACT This study was aimed at reporting a case of Valsava Retinopathy (VR) successfully treated with early YAG laser membraniectomy. This is a case report with analysis of medical records, performance, and recording of complementary exams, performing the laser procedure, assessment of immediate visual acuity, 7 and 30 days after the laser procedure. The patient demonstrated full recovery of visual acuity within 1 week. YAG laser membranectomy has proven effective in dispersing bleeding, accelerating visual recovery faster and more accessible […]

ABSTRACT Amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular deposition of amyloid protein fibrils in tissues, including the conjunctiva, due to their insolubility in proteolytic enzymes. Conjunctival amyloidosis, particularly involving the eyelid conjunctiva, is a rare clinical entity. We report the case of a 60-year-old Caucasian female who presented with a unilateral lesion in the inferior bulbar conjunctiva, extending to the entire inferior tarsal region and fornix. The lesion appeared as an extensive, elevated, pinkish-yellowish nodular mass with poorly defined borders. An […]

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to report a case of retinitis pigmentosa in a patient with HIV and ocular syphilis, highlighting the complexity of diagnosis and treatment in overlapping systemic and ocular conditions. A descriptive, qualitative analysis of the patient’s clinical evolution was conducted using medical records and patient interviews. A literature review was performed through PubMed® and SciELO. Data collection followed ethical standards, with informed consent obtained. Treatment with antiretroviral therapy and specific antibiotics for syphilis led […]