ABSTRACT Objective: To compare knowledge, perceptions, and competencies in Evidence-Based Practice among first- and third-year ophthalmology residents in Brazil. Methods: Thirty-one residents (16 in the first year, 15 in the third year) completed a 13-item questionnaire and the ACE Tool, assessing five Evidence-Based Practice domains (Ask, Acquire, Appraise, Apply, Assess). Results: Overall performance was intermediate, with no significant difference in total ACE scores (46.7 versus 53.3; p = 0.509). Third-year students scored higher in Appraise (p = 0.032), while first […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate changes in corneal sensitivity and ocular surface in leprosy patients from a university hospital in Northern Brazil. Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 16 leprosy patients (32 eyes) and 20 healthy controls (40 eyes). All participants underwent a single assessment that included ocular surface staining, tear film break-up time test, Schirmer I test, and corneal sensitivity testing using a Semmes-Weinstein aesthesiometer. Results: Most leprosy patients were male (68.8%), whereas the sex distribution was balanced in […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations due to strabismus among children aged 0-9 years in the state of São Paulo. Methods: Data were retrieved from the SIH/SUS database, via DTASUS in March 2025. Records containing a strabismus diagnosis (ICD-10 code: H50) were extracted and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results: A total of 4,142 hospitalizations were recorded, 71.8% of which occurred in children aged 5 to 9 years; 27.7% in children aged 1 to 4 years, and 0.5% […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate a smartphone application capable of magnifying near images and, through educational videos, informing users about presbyopia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted by a multidisciplinary team of ophthalmologists and software engineers. The development and validation of the application, named PRESB, occurred in three main stages. First, the user interface and native functions were designed. Second, the application was tested by patients who had undergone bilateral age-related cataract surgery with implantation of a […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the rate and risk factors associated with cataract progression post pars plana vitrectomy in young patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Method: This retrospective study was conducted between January 2020 to January 2025 involving patients with ages between 18 to 45 years old undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Results: A total of 125 eyes (from 125 patients) were recruited. Cataracts developed in 105/125 (84%) eyes after pars plana vitrectomy. Nuclear sclerotic cataract developed […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the profile of childhood ocular trauma and eyelid injuries in children under 10 years old in an ophthalmologic emergency unit. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study reviewing medical records of patients under 10 years old at a referral hospital in the ophthalmologic emergency, from 2018 to 2023. The following Information was collected from the patient: the history and the type of trauma, and details involved. Lesion description and surgical management were also verified. Results: A total of […]

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the effect of Ginkgo Biloba extract (GBE) intake versus placebo as adjunctive therapy for normal tension glaucoma (NTG). Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Web of Science databases were queried for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational prospective or retrospective studies that compared GBE versus placebo in the settings of NTG. Outcomes included visual field mean deviation (MD), visual field pattern standard deviation (PSD), and adverse events. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics, and a random-effects model […]

ABSTRACT The objective was to investigate the efficacy of topical losartan in treating corneal scars in patients with varying clinical backgrounds. A case series with six patients diagnosed with corneal scars resulting from herpetic keratitis or complicated photorefractive keratectomy were treated with topical losartan at a concentration of 0.8 mg/mL. Each patient underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluations, including anterior segment optical coherence tomography and corneal tomography, to assess clinical outcomes after treatment. Improvement in visual acuity was noted in five out […]