ABSTRACT Objective: To outline the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients attended at the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of a university hospital, with emphasis on the presence of diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, and the type of ophthalmological follow-up. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational, and retrospective study in which electronic medical records of patients attended at the Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic were analyzed during the period from March to August 2023 and compared with the same period in 2024. Medical records with […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the epidemiological profile of ocular toxoplasmosis in an ophthalmology hospital in western Paraná. Methods: A retrospective study conducted between 2015 and 2022 through the review of medical records, using the presence of chorioretinal scars as a presumptive diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis. Results: 3.03% of patients seen during the study period presented with presumptive ocular toxoplasmosis lesions, with a higher prevalence in women (57.25%) and in the age group of 60–79 years old (42.18%). Diabetes was observed […]

ABSTRACT Objective: The primary objective of this study was to characterize normal optic nerve parameters in Latin American patients using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) during the period from 2015 to 2022. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted using data retrieved from the database of the Exilaser Clinic in Cuenca, Ecuador. The study included 290 adult patients without ocular abnormalities. Data from each eye (left and right) were analyzed using SPSS software. For quantitative variables, measures of central tendency […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate public knowledge of keratoconus in Brazil and identify gaps to guide future educational strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey, based on the 2015 Global Consensus on Keratoconus, was distributed via social media and an ophthalmology bulletin. Adults (≥18 years) participated anonymously after providing informed consent. The questionnaire assessed demographics, ocular history, and keratoconus-related knowledge. Descriptive statistics summarized the data, and associations were analyzed using chi-square and nonparametric tests (5% significance level). Results: A total of 879 […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize structural optic nerve changes in Ecuadorian glaucoma patients using optical coherence tomography data from 2015 to 2022. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed anonymized optical coherence tomography data from 301 eyes of 162 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma. Data were acquired using the Nidek RS-330 and analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21. We assessed peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (global, quadrants, and clock-hour sectors) and cup-to-disc ratios. Results: The mean global […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of nurses regarding the Red Reflex Test (RRT). Methods: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted with professional nurses in São Luís, Maranhão, between October 15, 2023, and January 15, 2024. A questionnaire was applied, including sociodemographic variables and an assessment of knowledge and practice related to the RRT. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with STATA 14.0. Results: A total of 49 nurses working in healthcare assistance participated in […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and of its outcomes in a reference maternity hospital in northeastern Brazil and to identify associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted using secondary data from newborns screened between August 2020 and November 2022. Results: The statistical analysis included 166 infants. The disease incidence was 40% (66 cases). Stage 2 was the most incident (46 cases), followed by stage 1 (15 cases) and stage 3 (5 cases). No […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the clinical benefits of intense pulsed light applied directly to the eyelids of patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction and without glandular expression. Methods: A paired, retrospective cohort involving 16 patients diagnosed with symptomatic Meibomian gland dysfunction according to the criteria of the 2011 International Workshop on Meibomian gland dysfunction and treated with Intense Pulsed Light. The patients received three biweekly sessions on the eyelids and with the Lumenis OPT M22™ equipment. Glandular expression was not performed […]