ABSTRACT Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare chronic disease described as membranous keratoconjunctivitis that may be associated with systemic manifestations. It is associated with congenital plasminogen deficiency. In this case report, we describe the case of a 3-year-old male child who was diagnosed with ligneous conjunctivitis that mimicked gonococcal conjunctivitis after secondary infection with Streptococcus pyogenes. The patient had a bilateral pre-tarsal conjunctival membrane and a fibrous membrane extremely adherent to the corneal epithelium in the left eye, associated with intense […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the red reflex test in children with congenital Zika syndrome in order to predict the occurrence of retinal lesion or optic nerve hypoplasia in these patients. Methods: A descriptive cohort study was conducted in children with Congenital Zika Syndrome. The red reflex test was performed with a direct ophthalmoscope, and it was repeated after pupils’ dilation. The patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological evaluation. Eye fundus was analyzed by binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy. The occurrence of macular atrophy […]

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze strabismus surgeries in children in Brazil over a 10-year period using Datasus, focusing on regional, temporal, gender, and age group variations. Methods A descriptive and quantitative study using data from Datasus (from January 2013 to November 2023), analyzing strabismus surgeries in children aged 0 to 14. Variables included gender, age group, region, and year of surgery. The research used public and anonymous data, eliminating the need for ethical approval. Results There was equal susceptibility between genders. […]

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of refractive errors (RE) in children and their association with age group, sex, and racial variations before the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study involved 1,086 children with a mean age of 9.1 years (0-15 years) who underwent refraction examination under cycloplegia between 2015 and 2019. Myopia was defined as Spherical Equivalent (SE) −0.50 diopters (D) or more; hyperopia as +2.0 D, and astigmatism as at least −0,50 D. The RE were further […]

ABSTRACT This study, an integrative literature review, aims to find tools used in Brazil to evaluate the neuropsychomotor development of children with visual impairment. The search for articles was carried out in the Virtual Health Library, PubMed®, Scientific Electronic Library Online databases. 1552 articles were found, and after analysis, 4 studies were selected for this work. No instrument was intended to assess neuropsychomotor development as a whole for this audience. There is a need to consider other aspects of neuropsychomotor […]

ABSTRACT Introduction: Myopia is a growing global concern and there is a lack of studies on its prevalence among Brazilian schoolchildren. Methods: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of myopia in Brazilian children aged 3–18 years through a review and meta-analysis of published studies. Eleven high-quality studies were analyzed following the 2022 PRISMA guidelines. Prevalence was calculated using a meta-analysis, considering the heterogeneity among the studies. Results: The overall crude prevalence of myopia in Brazilian children was 7.65%. There […]

ABSTRACT Congenital distichiasis is a rare condition, of controversial origin, with therapeutic options not always having favorable results. This is a case report of a seven-year-old male child with congenital distichiasis affecting all eyelids, with the presence of some distichiasis hair follicles despite surgical treatment using the interlamellar division technique, selective application of cryotherapy and electrolysis. The treatment of congenital distichiasis involves the need to combine techniques to achieve more effective results.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of repeated corneal cross-linking in eyes of children and adolescents with progressive keratoconus. Methods: This retrospective study included nine eyes of nine consecutive patients with progressive keratoconus who underwent repeated corneal cross-linking 3.9 (range of 1.6 to 5.6) years after a primary one. All patients were followed for a mean period of 9.11 (range of 6 to 11) years after first treatment and 5.44 (range of 4 to 9) years, after […]