Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is a very rare congenital syndrome characterized by craniosynostosis. The incidence of it is around 1: 50,000 live births. Intelligence is usually normal, but a few affected individuals may have mild to moderate mental retardation. Children with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome should be evaluated by members of an experienced interdisciplinary team as treatment usually involves many different specialities. The strabismus surgery in these patients is difficult, because they usually have anomalous insertion and misdirection of the extraocular muscles. Imaging techniques […]

Over the last decades, botulinum toxin has been used therapeutically in innumerable diseases. The type A toxin was first approved in 1989 for treating strabismus, blepharospasm and hemifacial spasms in patients over the age of 12. It was observed that in adult patients undergoing treatment for blepharospasm with botulinum toxin, na additional effect of wrinkle reduction appeared, giving rise to studies regarding the cosmetic use of the toxin. Recently, type A botulinum toxin has been approved for aesthetic purposes. This […]

Description of a patient with orbital fracture cause by a horse fall. Follow-up the surgical treatment of the strabismus and the enophtlamos.

PURPOSE: To establish the prevalence of the ametropias and eye diseases, in the year 2001, within a preschool and school children in the city of Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: Transversal observational study during an ocular health campaign in public education schools. The children that have shown visual acuity lower than 0.8 or other abnormally were referred by trained volunteers to evaluation by ophthalmologists from the Benjamin Constant Institute. RESULTS: From the 1.800 children who were examined, […]

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin A and crotoxin on satellite cell activation in the muscle fibers of superior rectus muscles of rabbits. METHODS: The superior rectus muscles in the right eyes of 29 male, albino, New Zealand rabbits were inoculated with different doses of botulinum toxin A or crotoxin. The contra-lateral superior rectus muscles in each rabbit were inoculated with the same volume of saline solution only. The animals were sacrificed either 12, 18 or 25 days […]

This article reports a case of a female five years old child with rare syndrome of Wilderwanck wich consists in a association of KlippelFeil syndrome and Duane syndrome and auditive hypoacusia. Ocular examination reveals alterations of cervical column, bilateral abduction limitations, aduction limitation of right eye associated with enophthalmos, palpebral fissure decrease, anisotropia in A, lateroversions esotropia and bilateral neurosensorial auditive hypoacusia. Our patient reveal an association of Klippel-Feil Syndrome type II with bilateral Duane Syndrome.

PURPOSE: To estabilish the prevalence of the ametropias and eye diseases, in the year 2001, within a preschool and school population in Alto da Boa Vista favelas (slum), in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: Transversal observational study during an ocular health campaign in public education schools. The children that have shown visual acuity fewer than 0.8 or abnormally were referred by trained volunteers to avaliation by ophthalmologists from the Benjamin Constant Institute. RESULTS: From the 1800 children […]