ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the mental health status of patients diagnosed with keratoconus in the city of Porto Alegre (RS). Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study with a sample of 106 patients. The study was conducted at the Ophthalmology Department of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, in the Contact Lens and Corneal Transplant sectors. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used, and the results were described categorically or continuously, in percentages and means/medians, as indicated. Results: The prevalence of depressive […]

ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema are leading causes of preventable vision loss, with a rising global impact due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus. This review article synthesizes current evidence regarding the management of diabetic retinopathy, addressing pathophysiological mechanisms and evidence-based therapeutic recommendations from major clinical trials. Key topics include screening strategies, updated classification systems, systemic control, and ocular therapies such as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents, corticosteroids, laser photocoagulation, and vitrectomy. Emerging medication approaches, sustained-release […]

ABSTRACT Optical coherence tomography is an imaging technique widely used in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with age-related macular degeneration, being crucial for differentiating between the dry and exudative forms of the disease. The recognition and interpretation of various age-related macular degeneration biomarkers in optical coherence tomography play a key role in identifying signs of activity, chronicity, disease progression, and, most importantly, in monitoring the response to treatment and prognosis. Understanding the biomarkers enables the ophthalmologist to optimize their […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence of blindness in elderly people from quilombola communities located in the immediate geographic region of Araguaína, in the north of Tocantins. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which 80 residents, aged 60 or over, from 4 certified quilombola communities in this region were examined: Pé do Morro, Baviera, Dona Juscelina, and Cocalinho. Everyone answered a questionnaire on demographic and socioeconomic variables, and underwent a visual acuity exam, using the Snellen Table. For […]

ABSTRACT Case report of a 14-year-old male presented with acute painless vision loss and left optic disc swelling. Extensive diagnostic investigations, including magnetic resonance imaging and serum MOG antibody testing, were conducted. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an extensive T2 hyperintense signal in the anterior portion of the left optic nerve without involving chiasm or retrochiasmatic areas. The management strategy involved intravenous methylprednisolone followed by azathioprine, resulting in complete vision recovery. This case highlights the importance of considering MOG antibody-associated optic […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To outline the profile of ophthalmology patients at an ophthamological outpatient clinic to know the local demands, as well as the more specific necessities of investment in eye health. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational and retrospective study carried out with a survey of 1,942 medical records in the years 2022 and 2023 that analyzed the following aspects using the Chi square test, Shapiro-Wilks (N≥100) and comparison between the data by ANOVA: ophthalmological diagnosis, average, sex, presence of chronic diseases, follow-up. […]

ABSTRACT We present a case of an autosomal dominant optic neuropathy, known as Kjer’s disease. The condition can manifest since childhood, presenting with bilateral symmetric optic atrophy and progressive vision loss. Genetics play a crucial role in the differential diagnosis, due to the association with the OPA-1 gene. In this report, we describe the case of a young vegan woman, initially diagnosed with optic neuropathy due to nutritional deficiency, but with laboratory tests within normal limits and a significant family […]

ABSTRACT Penetrating cranio-orbital injuries are uncommon events and represent a small percentage of cranioencephalic traumas. The clinical condition and surgical management were described by reviewing the patient’s electronic medical records. This case reports on a 37-year-old male patient who suffered penetrating trauma to the skull from the brake lever of his bicycle as a result of an accidental fall while cycling. Brought in by the SAMU, the patient had a Glasgow score of 15, a preserved left orbit, while the […]