Review Article June 17, 2026 June 17, 2026

Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: diagnosis and management

DOI: 10.37039/1982.8551.20260055

ABSTRACT

Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is the most common abnormality of the lacrimal apparatus in the pediatric age group, leading to epiphora and mucopurulent discharge. It occurs in 1,2% to 30% of newborns and can cause infections such as bacterial conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis and orbital cellulitis. The incidence of the disorder is higher in premature children and with congenital abnormality such as Down syndrome. The article aims to present the embryological aspects, clinical presentation, semiology, differential diagnosis, and management of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.