ABSTRACT This report aims to present classical and pathognomonic ocular changes, sequelae, and complications in a patient with Virchowian leprosy diagnosed in 2008 and undergoing their first ophthalmological evaluation in 2023. Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, more prevalent in underdeveloped countries, with Brazil being the second most prevalent country worldwide. Cutaneous and peripheral nerve involvement are very common. However, ocular manifestations, which most frequently occur in patients with a long course of the disease in the […]

ABSTRACT Fungal keratitis is a potentially sight-threatening corneal infection, often diagnosed late due to clinical overlap with other infectious etiologies. In vivo confocal microscopy has proven to be an effective method to detect fungal structures, even in the absence of microbiological confirmation. The objective was to report a case of fungal keratitis initially treated as bacterial, in which confocal microscopy was decisive for the etiological diagnosis and therapeutic reorientation. A 30-year-old female patient, regular contact lens wearer, presented with blurred […]

ABSTRACT Sturge-Weber syndrome is a rare sporadic and congenital neurocutaneous disease characterized primarily by the presence of cutaneous and extracutaneous capillary malformations. Our understanding of this syndrome has improved since its first description over the years, particularly with the identification of different clinical presentations and new genetic mutations. Ocular manifestations are frequently observed in this syndrome but often develop insidiously and can threaten visual prognosis. Thus, an appreciation of different ophthalmological manifestations seems crucial. In the same perspective, we report […]

ABSTRACT We present a case of a 66-year-old male patient with primary angle closure glaucoma who underwent cataract surgery. He was also under tamsulosin treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia. Due to high intraocular pressure and shallow anterior chamber, 150 mL of 20% mannitol was given intravenously, before phacoemulcification cataract surgery. The iris prolapsed from the main incision and the pupil constricted, right after the main incision was opened and the pupil shrank. An additional 150 mL of 20% mannitol was […]

Anterior segment-optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging provide a range of characteristic patterns that could be used as an additional tool in the diagnosis and management of infectious keratitis.(,) We describe the AS-OCT findings of a patient with fungal keratitis. A 65-year-old man with a history of vegetal trauma to his left eye, presented to the emergency room complaining of pain and blurred vision in the right for three weeks. The best corrected visual acuity was 3/10 in the left eye. […]

ABSTRACT Objective: Embryonic exposure to valproic acid is a widely used model for the study of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders. In zebrafish, early exposure to valproic acid results in the major behavioral, neurological, and genetic phenotypes of this disorder. Autism spectrum disorders have several associated symptoms, such as changes in sensory processing, sleep problems, and hyper- or hyposensitivity to light. This work investigates the hypothesis of changes at the retinal level due to embryonic exposure to valproic […]

ABSTRACT Dead bag syndrome is one of the recently described causes of late intraocular lens dislocation. Its etiology is not yet fully understood, but it is related to the reduction or disappearance of lens epithelial cells with subsequent disaggregation of the capsular tissue. This study describes a case of late intraocular lens dislocation with confirmed disappearance of lens epithelial cells through histopathology. The contralateral eye appears to show clinical features consistent with dead bag syndrome. The eye affected by intraocular […]

Vivemos um momento de inflexão na medicina contemporânea, uma era em que a Inteligência Artificial (IA) promete redefinir os contornos do diagnóstico, da conduta e da própria relação médico-paciente. Porém, como advertia Freud, todo progresso técnico vem acompanhado de perdas simbólicas e novos desconfortos.() Nietzsche, por sua vez, alertava-nos contra os perigos da automatização do pensamento, da ilusão de um saber infalível que desconsidera a experiência humana.() A oftalmologia, especialidade profundamente visual, encontra-se no centro desse debate. A aplicação da […]