ABSTRACT Introduction: Visual images play a fundamental role in social cognition, functional autonomy, and personal identity. Acquired vision loss represents a potentially disruptive experience, with consequences that extend beyond sensory impairment and affect the processes through which self-image is constructed and reconstructed. Objective: Given the relevance of this construct and the influence of sociocultural determinants related to gender, this scoping review aimed to map the existing scientific evidence on the relationship between acquired vision loss and self-image perception in men […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate whether an Artificial Intelligence model based on easily accessible perinatal variables can predict congenital ophthalmologic malformations, particularly those whose late detection may lead to preventable blindness. Methods: Retrospective diagnostic accuracy study using the DATASUS database. A total of 6,633 newborns in Brazil (2014 to 2022) were included, with 2,211 congenital ophthalmologic malformations (ICD-10 Q100-Q159) and 4,422 controls. Predictors comprised 14 maternal, obstetric, and neonatal factors; records with missing data were excluded. Logistic regression and support vector […]

ABSTRACT Amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular deposition of amyloid protein fibrils in tissues, including the conjunctiva, due to their insolubility in proteolytic enzymes. Conjunctival amyloidosis, particularly involving the eyelid conjunctiva, is a rare clinical entity. We report the case of a 60-year-old Caucasian female who presented with a unilateral lesion in the inferior bulbar conjunctiva, extending to the entire inferior tarsal region and fornix. The lesion appeared as an extensive, elevated, pinkish-yellowish nodular mass with poorly defined borders. An […]

ABSTRACT The aim of this case report was to demonstrate the importance of the neuro-ophthalmological examination, particularly the assessment of the pupillary reflex, in identifying neurological abnormalities in asymptomatic patients, highlighting its crucial role in the early detection of intracranial aneurysms, even in the absence of evident clinical signs. This is an observational, retrospective, and descriptive case report of a 70-year-old male patient with chronic glaucoma. During a routine ophthalmological evaluation, a relative afferent pupillary defect was identified in the […]

ABSTRACT This study was aimed at reporting a case of Valsava Retinopathy (VR) successfully treated with early YAG laser membraniectomy. This is a case report with analysis of medical records, performance, and recording of complementary exams, performing the laser procedure, assessment of immediate visual acuity, 7 and 30 days after the laser procedure. The patient demonstrated full recovery of visual acuity within 1 week. YAG laser membranectomy has proven effective in dispersing bleeding, accelerating visual recovery faster and more accessible […]

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to report a case of retinitis pigmentosa in a patient with HIV and ocular syphilis, highlighting the complexity of diagnosis and treatment in overlapping systemic and ocular conditions. A descriptive, qualitative analysis of the patient’s clinical evolution was conducted using medical records and patient interviews. A literature review was performed through PubMed® and SciELO. Data collection followed ethical standards, with informed consent obtained. Treatment with antiretroviral therapy and specific antibiotics for syphilis led […]

ABSTRACT Pilomatrixoma is a rare benign neoplasm derived from hair matrix cells, with a preference for the head and neck region, especially in children and adolescents. Its occurrence in adults, particularly in the eyelid, is uncommon and often leads to misdiagnosis. Clinically, it presents as a firm, painless, subcutaneous nodule with progressive growth. Definitive diagnosis is established through histopathological examination, and the standard treatment is complete surgical excision, with low recurrence rates. This article describes a case of eyelid pilomatrixoma […]

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of corneal transplants in Brazil between 2014 and 2023. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected from the SIA/SUS platform of DATASUS, covering the period from 2014 to 2023. Descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted using the SPSS software. The variables studied included the number of transplants, regional disparities, and the relationship between public funding and procedures performed. Results: During the analyzed period, 38,728 corneal […]