ABSTRACT Exudative retinal detachment occurs when fluid accumulates between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium. Ocular diseases or multisystem conditions such as nephrotic syndrome may lead to exudative retinal detachment. This report describes a case of nephrotic syndrome secondary to minimal change disease, anasarca and bilateral serous macular detachment in an adult patient. A 75-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with generalized edema, asthenia, and visual impairment. Medical history included a recent diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome […]

ABSTRACT The iris is responsible for eye color and controls the amount of light that enters the eye through the pupil. Variation in each individual’s genes, besides the quantity and quality of melanin in the iris, determine eye color. Heterochromia is characterized by different colors of irises in the same individual, and it is benign in most cases. There are basically three types of heterochromia: central, partial and complete. Heterochromia can be caused by genetic and congenital alterations, which may […]

Abstract The patient is a 10 years-old girl, with chief complaint of recent bilateral red eye and history of chickenpox disease. Examination revealed nodular episcleritis of both eyes. After treatment with topical steroids, the disease was subsided. Varicella-Zoster virus is a rare cause of episcleritis. In this case it seems that the mechanism of involvement is immune-related, rather than direct tissue involvement by virus.

A Síndrome de Holmes-Adie É caracterizada pela presença de pupila tônica associada à diminuição ou ausência dos reflexos tendíneos profundos. Em alguns casos pode haver disfunção nervosa autônoma. O mecanismo que causa a desordem não é totalmente conhecido, mas acredita-se que seja causada pela desnervação do suprimento pós-ganglionar para o esfíncter da pupila e para o músculo ciliar, que pode ocorrer após doença viral. Tipicamente afeta adultos jovens e é unilateral em 80% dos casos, embora possa se desenvolver no […]

Fraser syndrome is a systemic condition characterized by cryptophthalmos, syndactyly and abnormal genitalia, which may be associated with urinary tract, ear, nose, larynx and skeletal abnormalities. Cryptophthalmos can be an isolated finding (that has been reported as an autosomal dominant trait) or associated with other congenital anomalies (reported as an autosomal recessive disorder). Child, female, nine month of life, evaluated in the lacrimal setor of Federal University of São Paulo. Child of consanguineous parents. Her physical examination showed total unilateral […]

ABSTRACT Differential diagnoses of acute proptosis are often challenging. History and clinical examination require from ophthalmologists special attention to details, which make it possible to differentiate relatively benign and self-limited conditions from those that will progress to permanent disabilities. We report a 49-year-old female patient who had sudden eye pain, periorbital hematoma and proptosis of the left eye during a commercial flight. She also complained of disabling acute diplopia. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance angiography imaging confirmed the diagnosis of […]

Distrofia viteliforme foveomacular do adulto é uma patologia rara. Menos de 1% dos casos relatados mostram permeabilidade capilar perifoveal. O acompanhamento de 3 anos deste paciente revelou uma forma rara, ainda pouco documentada. O paciente era uma mulher de 40 anos de idade com acuidade visual normal, mas com queixa de metamorfopsia leve no olho esquerdo. A retinografia mostrou uma área sub-retiniana amarelada, perifoveal, com hiperfluorescência na angiofluoresceinografia. O seguimento mostrou, em 3 anos, que a incompetência capilar desapareceu e […]

ABSTRACT This case series describes four patients who presented with retinal and optic nerve vascular occlusions after administration of different COVID-19 vaccines. The first patient received the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222; Oxford/AstraZeneca) and 42 days later developed central retinal artery occlusion. The second patient developed a painless visual impairment in the left eye and was diagnosed with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy 6 days after receiving the Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine. The third patient presented with the same condition 22 days after receiving […]